Zach, it only gets worse when you get more stationary tools. Planers and such kick up a lot of dust.
My table saw is a contractors saw and they are difficult to contain. Most of the fine dust on a table saw is not from below but from fine cutting blades and the dust is ejected out the top of the blade. Ultimately I would get a sander that can be hooked up direct to your shop vac. Not all of them can, even if they are hook and loop type, many of the dust collectors on them are square based etc. My dewalt is worthless from that point.Bob and Mike are right in get it at the source but Circular Saws and hand routing are 2 of the toughest to capture. For your current situation I think the best thing you can do is get an air cleaner such as above and maybe even add a box fan with furnace filter material close at hand. I would also get as much input from other woodworkers as you can that own these. I also checked another forum I belong to with regards to these and past posts show that most of the guys thought they did a great job containing the dust. Some run 2 of the units for bigger shops. I don't think it will be 100% but it should greatly improve your situation. They collect a lot of dust quickly so you must keep them clean to keep them working efficiently.
Corey