I would tend to agree with Reuelt about the coils (when intact) being the contacts connecting the brushholders to the rest of the unit. No experience with the unit in question, but it has been a fairly common practice with lower powered brushed motors for a long time as it distributes the current around the brush holder fairly evenly to eliminate hot spots. Look at the brushholders inside the housing, if they are circular in section outside with a rectangular or square hole broached through for the carbon brushes, and have a machined semicircular recess around the outside, the coil slides over the brushholder body and into the recess.
Beware that if the field winding/stator can be installed in two orientations, and the coils land close to and ready to connect to the brushholders, the orientation will be important, and getting it wrong may reverse the direction of rotation of the spindle, remove collets, collet nuts etc before attempting to power up the first time after reassembly to avoid the spindle throwing these parts off. If the field winding/stator is asymmetrical or has something to index it into the housing so it can only go in in one position, reverse rotation shouldn't be an issue.
If the coils are the contacts for the brushholders, given the damage shown in the picture, there is a good hance that at least one armature winding is fried and a short circuit. If that is the case, a replacement machine maybe a cheaper option than buying parts to rebuild your unit. Investigate your armature before committing to buying parts.
Beware that if the field winding/stator can be installed in two orientations, and the coils land close to and ready to connect to the brushholders, the orientation will be important, and getting it wrong may reverse the direction of rotation of the spindle, remove collets, collet nuts etc before attempting to power up the first time after reassembly to avoid the spindle throwing these parts off. If the field winding/stator is asymmetrical or has something to index it into the housing so it can only go in in one position, reverse rotation shouldn't be an issue.
If the coils are the contacts for the brushholders, given the damage shown in the picture, there is a good hance that at least one armature winding is fried and a short circuit. If that is the case, a replacement machine maybe a cheaper option than buying parts to rebuild your unit. Investigate your armature before committing to buying parts.